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Sidon Sea Castle
Sidon's Sea Castle (Arabic: قلعة صيدا البحرية ''Kalaat Saida al-Bahriya'') is one of the most prominent archaeological sites in the port city of Sidon, Lebanon.
==History==
The city of Sidon is located on the Mediterranean coast of Lebanon. This ancient Phoenician city has been of great religious, political and commercial value; it is said to be inhabited since 4000 B.C. During the 13th century, the Crusaders built Sidon's Sea Castle as a fortress on a small island connected to the mainland by a narrow 80m long roadway. The island was formerly the site of a temple to Melqart, the Phoenician version of Heracles. The beauty of the Castle can be seen in old illustrations of it; however, after bearing several wars, it has been damaged and renovated several times. It was partially destroyed by the Mamluks when they took over the city from the Crusaders, but they subsequently rebuilt it and added the long causeway. The castle later fell into disuse, but was again restored in the 17th century by Emir Fakhreddine II, only to suffer great damage.〔MiddeEast Interactive U.S.A.1995-2011.http://www.middleeast.com/sidon.htm〕
There is a possibility that the island on which the castle is built was, in fact, the location of the Phoenician King's palace and several other Phoenician monuments which were destroyed by Esarhaddon and then by natural earthquakes.〔Young, P. (2000, Historic cities beneath the sea? Middle East, , 46-47. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/220625497?accountid=8555〕 This island has also served as a shelter from inside attacks on the city.〔Almashriq. Retrieved from:http://almashriq.hiof.no/lebanon/900/910/919/saida1/history.html〕 Great Sidon, Little Sidon, powerful fortresses, pastures, cisterns and fortifications are all mentioned in the Assyrian king Sennacherib's recordings of his attacks on Sidon and nearby cities.〔Young, P. (2000, Historic cities beneath the sea? Middle East, , 46-47. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/220625497?accountid=8555〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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